Use Fans Instead of Air Conditioning Until Indoor Temperatures Reach 27°C

Many Australians face challenges in maintaining comfort during hot weather, especially with rising electricity costs and environmental concerns. While air conditioning is often relied upon, it has significant downsides, including high energy consumption, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and contributing to urban heat island effects by releasing heat outdoors.

Recent research published in the Medical Journal of Australia advocates for a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approach: a 'fan-first' cooling strategy. This involves prioritizing electric fans to cool indoor spaces and only turning on air conditioning when the temperature exceeds 27°C indoors.

Electric fans work by moving air around the body, enhancing heat dissipation through convection and evaporation of sweat, which can make a person feel up to 4°C cooler even in very hot and humid conditions. Adjusting the aircon's set-point from the typical 23–24°C up to 27–28°C, combined with the use of fans, can significantly reduce energy consumption—studies indicate a 32% reduction in energy use without sacrificing comfort.

Although fans do require electricity, their energy use is approximately 3% of that of air conditioning units. This makes fans a highly cost-effective solution; basic fans are affordable, require minimal maintenance, and can be easily moved within the home to provide targeted cooling.

Over-reliance on air conditioning is a growing concern worldwide, with sales tripling since 1990 and expected to triple again by 2050. High costs, environmental damage from fossil fuel-powered electricity, and the release of greenhouse gases from refrigerants make it an unsustainable solution for heat management.

Using fans properly involves understanding indoor temperature thresholds. Laboratory studies show that fans are safe and effective for healthy adults up to 39°C, with reduced thresholds for older adults and those on certain medications. Above these temperatures, other cooling measures should be considered to prevent heat stress.

To implement this strategy, experts recommend five practical steps: purchase and use pedestal or ceiling fans, aim fans at your body, wear light clothing, stay hydrated, and set your aircon to higher temperatures when used. Adopting this approach can lead to increased comfort, lower energy bills, and a reduced environmental footprint.

Ultimately, the 'fan-first' cooling method offers a sustainable way to navigate increasingly hot climates while caring for both health and the planet.