Understanding Cannabis Use Disorder: Recognizing the Signs and Risks

Cannabis use disorder is a condition characterized by a problematic pattern of cannabis consumption that leads to significant impairment or distress. Despite the perception that cannabis is relatively harmless, research indicates that a notable percentage of users may develop dependence or addiction. Studies estimate that around 22% of recreational cannabis users and approximately 25% of medicinal cannabis consumers meet the criteria for cannabis use disorder, which can make controlling consumption challenging.

Many individuals start using cannabis to relax, manage stress, or improve sleep. Initially, they might use it occasionally, but over time, dependence may develop, leading to daily use to feel 'normal.' As tolerance builds, users need higher doses to achieve the same effects, increasing the likelihood of addiction. People may use more cannabis than intended or experience difficulties fulfilling responsibilities at work or home, such as missing payments or performing poorly at tasks, due to their use.

Repeated use despite negative effects, including memory issues, anxiety, and clouded thoughts, is common. Friends and family often notice these changes and may suggest reducing or stopping cannabis use. However, cessation can be difficult due to withdrawal symptoms like irritability, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, which often lead to relapse.

Diagnosis of cannabis use disorder relies on specific criteria outlined in the DSM. The presence of at least two symptoms within a year—such as using larger amounts, craving, unsuccessful attempts to cut back, continued use despite problems, tolerance, or withdrawal—indicates a mild to severe disorder depending on the number of symptoms.

Risk factors for developing cannabis use disorder include frequent, daily use, smoking or vaping, and higher THC levels. Early initiation, especially during adolescence, and using cannabis to self-medicate for conditions like anxiety, depression, or chronic pain, also increase risk.

The relationship between cannabis and chronic pain management is complex. While some individuals turn to cannabis for relief, recent studies question its effectiveness for pain control. Increasing use or switching to more potent products in an attempt to manage pain can inadvertently lead to a disorder, complicating both pain management and daily functioning.

To lower the risk of developing a cannabis use disorder, it is advisable to avoid daily use and products with high THC concentrations. If concerns about cannabis use arise, consulting health professionals or contacting support services such as the National Alcohol and Other Drug Hotline can provide guidance and assistance.

While cannabis may offer benefits for some medical conditions, awareness of the potential for dependence is essential. Responsible use and understanding the risks are crucial to prevent problematic consumption and maintain overall wellbeing.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-cannabis-disorder-problem.html