The Influence of Friendships on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents

Nearly 1 in 5 adolescents have engaged in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), a behavior characterized by deliberate harm to one's body without suicidal intent, such as cutting, burning, or scratching. Research indicates that having friends who self-harm increases the likelihood of adolescents engaging in similar behaviors, highlighting the role of social networks in mental health.

However, adolescent social relationships are complex and multifaceted. Recent studies from Northeastern University, published in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence, explore how the number and nature of social connections influence self-injury. The research reveals that while more friends can serve as a protective factor against NSSI, being part of multiple social groups may also increase risk, particularly for early adolescents.

Jiaao Yu, a sociology doctoral student involved in the study, explains that the social environment plays a significant role in adolescent behavior. The study examined the impact of social contagion—where behaviors spread through close peer relationships—and social integration—how deeply individuals are embedded within broader peer networks.

Analyzing data from over 9,500 Chinese schoolchildren across different age groups, Yu found that adolescents who act as "bridges" connecting multiple social groups are more prone to engage in self-harm. This may be due to the challenges in balancing the demands and influences of various peer networks, especially for younger adolescents who are less confident in their problem-solving skills.

The research indicates that fostering broader social connections can reduce the influence of peer self-harm behavior. However, maintaining connections across many groups may also present challenges, underscoring the importance of supportive social environments and targeted interventions.

Understanding these social dynamics can help psychologists, educators, and parents develop effective strategies to prevent NSSI among youth by promoting healthy social relationships and resilience within adolescent peer networks.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-friends-impact-youth-suicidal-injury.html