Understanding Resistance and Adaptation in Older Home Care Clients’ Agency

Recent research from the University of Eastern Finland highlights the complex ways older individuals receiving home care maintain their sense of agency. The study reveals that although many seniors perceive themselves as capable and resilient, social and health care professionals often overlook their efforts to control and influence their daily lives. Maintaining this sense of control is crucial for their overall well-being and the quality of life they experience at home.

The study, published in the Journal of Aging Studies and part of the SOLDEX project on social exclusion in old age, involved interviews with 20 home care clients aged 73–99. Researchers identified three distinct forms of agency: resistant, adaptive, and supported.

Resistant agency occurs when seniors actively oppose changes brought about by their increasing need for assistance. They strive to preserve their usual lifestyles even if these efforts conflict with home care practices. For example, some might reduce the number of visits they receive from care workers despite their evident need for support.

Adaptive agency, on the other hand, involves acceptance of declining functional abilities. Seniors adjust their personal goals and expectations to remain in control of their daily routines, such as choosing to stay in touch with friends via phone instead of meeting physically, thereby maintaining independence within their capabilities.

Supported agency emphasizes reliance on informal support networks like friends and family. Seniors depend on these relationships to accomplish important life goals, as this support is not typically provided by formal home care services.

Importantly, the study found that agency does not diminish with increased assistance needs; instead, it transforms. Seniors wish to be recognized as unique individuals with their own histories, values, and desires. Recognizing and supporting these expressions of agency can enhance their self-determination and overall satisfaction.

For caregivers and home care professionals, understanding these different forms of agency is vital. Supporting seniors' efforts to retain control over their lives fosters a respectful, person-centered approach that can lead to improved care outcomes and greater quality of life for older adults.

Source: Medical Xpress