Risk Groups for Type 2 Diabetes Identified Well into Older Age

Recent research highlights that risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes are not limited to middle age but can also be detected in older populations. A comprehensive study involving individuals aged 61 to 82, conducted by the German Diabetes Center (DDZ) in collaboration with Helmholtz Munich, demonstrated that six distinct risk clusters—initially identified in middle-aged groups—are also applicable among seniors without diabetes. These clusters vary in their likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes and related complications such as chronic kidney disease, nerve damage, and cardiovascular issues.

One notable finding is the existence of a high-risk group characterized by elevated inflammatory markers, which reflect silent inflammatory processes contributing to metabolic disturbances. This inflammatory load, derived from an analysis of 73 inflammation markers, was particularly pronounced in the cluster labeled as 'high risk with insulin-resistant fatty liver,' correlating with a greater occurrence of metabolic complications.

The classification into these risk clusters allows for better early detection and tailored preventive strategies, even in later life. The study emphasizes the importance of differentiating risk profiles among older adults to implement targeted interventions that can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and its associated health issues.

Published in the journal Cardiovascular Diabetology, this research underlines the value of personalized approaches to diabetes prevention and the significance of inflammatory processes as therapeutic targets. The findings advocate for continuous risk assessment beyond middle age, promoting healthier aging and better management of metabolic health in seniors.