Innovative Electrical Stimulation Technique Shows Promise for Spinal Injury Treatment

Recent research led by UT Southwestern Medical Center highlights a novel, noninvasive approach to modulating spinal cord activity using electrical stimulation. Scientists developed an electrode grid that delivers low-voltage electrical pulses through the skin, targeting spinal neurons selectively. This method demonstrated the ability to alter neuron excitability in healthy volunteers, producing inhibitory effects that persisted even after stimulation stopped.

Traditionally, treatment of spinal injuries involved invasive procedures with implanted electrodes, which pose risks like infection and require lengthy recovery times. Noninvasive stimulation through skin-mounted electrodes has faced challenges in achieving targeted effects, as large surface pads disperse current broadly. To address this, researchers designed a grid with precisely arranged electrode pairs that can steer current in specific directions, effectively focusing the electric field on targeted spinal segments.

In studies with healthy participants, the electrode grid was positioned over the thoracolumbar spinal region controlling ankle movement. Applying low current, the researchers observed a decrease in neuronal excitability, with effects lasting up to 30 minutes post-stimulation. The device was safe, easy to use, and adaptable, holding promise for personalized therapy.

These findings suggest that noninvasive electrical stimulation could be a powerful tool for managing conditions like pain, spasticity, and paralysis, especially in patients with spinal cord injuries or stroke. Future research aims to refine the technique to potentially enhance neuronal excitation, aiding in muscle activation and movement recovery. The team has filed for a patent and plans to continue exploring this promising neuromodulation approach.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-electrical-spinal-injuries.html