Extreme Spring Pollen Levels in Europe Highlight Growing Allergy Concerns

During this spring, many regions across Europe experienced unprecedented levels of pollen, with some areas reporting "extreme" concentrations that affected even those without known allergies. Data from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) indicated a notable increase in the release and transport of grass and olive pollen in southern Europe, as well as exceptionally high birch pollen levels in northeastern parts of the continent. Particularly in Finland, the situation was severe enough in May to cause allergy symptoms among individuals without prior sensitivities.

Climate change has been identified as a significant factor influencing these developments, as warmer temperatures and earlier thaws lead to prolonged and intensified pollen seasons. This results in more people experiencing allergy symptoms, which include hay fever and asthma exacerbations. Currently, about 25% of European adults suffer from airborne allergies, and this percentage could rise to half by 2050, according to WHO estimates.

Moreover, air pollution worsens allergy symptoms by increasing sensitivity to allergens. The spread of invasive plant and tree species into new regions also contributes to the growing prevalence of allergy-related issues.

In addition to pollen concerns, Europe faced significant wildfire events from March to May. Notably, April saw the UK's second-highest wildfire emissions since 2003, and the Netherlands reported unprecedented wildfire smoke levels. Fires in eastern Russia and Canada also impacted air quality, with smoke plumes reaching China, Japan, and Europe.

Experts highlight that while high pollen levels are typical in spring, this year's severity and widespread nature are particularly concerning. Continued environmental changes and wildfire activity are likely to further influence air quality and allergy prevalence in the future.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-07-pollen-extreme-europe-eu.html