Ethnic Variations in Breast Cancer Risks and Outcomes Highlight the Need for Personalized Screening and Treatment

Recent research conducted by Queen Mary, University of London, has shed light on significant ethnic differences in breast cancer development and patient outcomes. The study analyzed clinical and genetic data from over 7,000 women of African, South Asian, and European descent, revealing that women of African and South Asian ancestry tend to develop breast cancer at a younger age and face higher mortality rates compared to their European counterparts.

Specifically, women from South Asian backgrounds were diagnosed approximately seven years earlier and died about 13 years earlier, while women of African ancestry were diagnosed roughly five years earlier and had an average death age nearly nine years younger than European women. The findings suggest that current screening protocols, which typically recommend screening starting at age 50, may not be adequate for all populations and should be reconsidered based on genetic and ethnic background.

The study also identified notable genetic variations, especially in genes linked to breast cancer susceptibility, such as BRCA genes. Some women carried mutations that could have contributed to treatment resistance, yet this information was often not used to inform clinical decisions. Incorporating genetic testing at diagnosis could enable more tailored treatment options, improving outcomes.

Professor Claude Chelala emphasized that precision medicine's potential is limited if it does not account for diverse populations. To bridge these gaps, the study advocates for larger, more inclusive research cohorts and rethinking clinical trial designs to ensure representation of all ethnic groups. Increased data collection from underrepresented populations is essential for equitable healthcare advances.

This research underscores the urgent need to address health disparities and improve breast cancer detection and treatment strategies for all ethnic groups, ensuring that advances in personalized medicine benefit everyone equally.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-ethnic-differences-breast-cancer-outcomes.html