Advancements in Brain Modeling: Linking Micro and Macro Neural Activity Through Multiscale Simulations

Recent developments in neuroscience have achieved a significant breakthrough by successfully integrating computational models to connect the microscopic and macroscopic levels of brain activity. Predicting how molecular changes influence overall brain function has been a longstanding challenge. Historically, the complexity of capturing multiple layers of brain dynamics simultaneously appeared insurmountable. However, advancements in digital research tools now enable the integration of data across different scales, paving the way for novel multiscale modeling techniques.

Scientists at Paris Saclay University have pioneered a new approach that constructs detailed simulations capable of translating microscopic modifications, such as changes at the synaptic or molecular level, into observable large-scale brain activity patterns. The models incorporate various neural architectures, including single neuron models, neural networks with spike activity, and mean-field representations, which are then interconnected with whole-brain network simulations.

This innovative framework has successfully demonstrated its ability to predict phenomena like anesthesia-induced transitions in brain states. Specifically, the models can simulate how alterations in synaptic receptor activity—induced by anesthetic agents—lead to observable changes in brain function, mimicking what is seen in empirical studies. These findings have been detailed in the journal Nature Computational Science, along with a research briefing that summarizes the key insights.

The importance of such a multiscale approach extends to medical applications, particularly in understanding and developing treatments for brain disorders. Accurate modeling of how molecular-level interventions influence overall brain activity can enhance drug design and personalized medicine. The research benefits from advanced digital technologies developed within the European Human Brain Project and hosted on the EBRAINS research infrastructure.

This breakthrough represents a crucial step toward bridging the gap between molecular neuroscience and systems-level understanding, offering promising avenues for future research into brain function and disease mechanisms.