Advancements in Alzheimer's Treatment: Enhancing Glial Cell Glucose Metabolism

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have uncovered a significant link between impaired glucose metabolism in glial cells and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glial cells, which support and protect neurons in our nervous system, play a critical role in maintaining brain health. Their study indicates that in AD, these cells suffer from reduced glucose uptake, leading to heightened neuroinflammation and neuronal damage.

The team utilized fruit fly models to simulate tau protein buildup, a hallmark of AD. They observed that abnormal glial cell activity was associated with neurodegeneration and swelling near affected regions. By genetically increasing the expression of glucose transporter proteins (GLUT) in these glial cells, they successfully suppressed neurodegenerative signs and reduced inflammation, despite persistent tau accumulation. This suggests that tau protein buildup hampers glucose metabolism in glial cells, contributing to disease pathology.

Importantly, targeting glucose uptake mechanisms in glial cells presents a promising therapeutic approach. Enhancing glucose metabolism may mitigate neuroinflammation and neuronal death, potentially slowing disease progression. These findings open new avenues for addressing neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease, where neuroinflammation is also prominent.

The breakthrough, published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, highlights the potential of metabolic interventions aimed at glial cells as a novel strategy for combatting Alzheimer's and other related neurodegenerative conditions.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-scientists-alzheimer-glial-cells-glucose.html