Research Highlights Risks of Vitamin B12 Deficiency During Pregnancy

Recent research underscores the potential health risks associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in pregnant women. The study, conducted by scientists at Nottingham Trent University and the University of Warwick, reveals that low B12 levels—often caused by reliance on ultra-processed foods and plant-based diets lacking natural B12 sources—can lead to adverse metabolic outcomes.

Vitamin B12 is vital for numerous bodily functions and is primarily found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy, or through supplements and fortified foods. Modern dietary patterns with high-calorie, ultra-processed foods tend to lack essential micronutrients, including B12, increasing deficiency risks especially among vegetarians and vegans.

The study examined fat samples from 115 pregnant women with low B12 levels, along with fat cell analyses across a range of body weights. Researchers measured blood vitamin and fat levels, gene activity related to fat production and breakdown, and markers of inflammation. Findings demonstrated that women with B12 deficiency showed higher body weight, increased unhealthy blood fat levels, and reduced levels of 'good' cholesterol (HDL). Their fat tissue exhibited increased fat accumulation, decreased fat breakdown, mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevated release of inflammatory substances.

Dr. Adaikala Antonysunil, lead author, emphasized that these changes are significant risk factors for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular issues. The team advocates for better monitoring and management of B12 levels during pregnancy through balanced diets rich in whole foods while limiting processed options.

Additionally, the research points to the importance of planned clinical studies to further explore the long-term metabolic impacts of B12 deficiency in young women and the potential consequences for their offspring. Experts suggest that ensuring adequate B12 intake before and during pregnancy could play a crucial role in safeguarding maternal and fetal health.

This study adds to the growing understanding of how micronutrient deficiencies influence metabolic health, highlighting the need for dietary awareness and nutritional support for pregnant women.

Source: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-05-vitamin-b12-deficiency-pregnancy-pose.html